2 and 1.6 g/kg diet) minimized plasma content of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) respectively. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced in quails fed diets supplemented with BRPO. In apart from the highest level of BRPO, complement 3 (C3) was increased with increasing BRPO level. Birds fed diets enriched with BRPO exhibited lower colonization of TBC, lactobacilli, coliform, Salmonella and E. coli than those in the control group. It could be concluded that dietary BRPO can positively affect quail growth, liver and kidney functions, antioxidant and immunity parameters, lipid profile and lipid peroxidation as well as pathogenic bacteria.Prior work has found that moral values that build and bind groups-that is, the binding values of ingroup loyalty, respect for authority, and preservation of purity-are linked to blaming people who have been harmed. The present research investigated whether people’s endorsement of binding values predicts their assignment of the causal locus of harmful events to the victims of the events. We used an implicit causality task from psycholinguistics in which participants read a sentence in the form “SUBJECT verbed OBJECT because…” where male and female proper names occupy the SUBJECT and OBJECT position. The participants were asked to predict the pronoun that follows “because”-the referent to the subject or object-which indicates their intuition about the likely cause of the event. We also collected explicit judgments of causal contributions and measured participants’ moral values to investigate the relationship between moral values and the causal interpretation of events. Using two verb sets and two independent replications (N = 459, 249, 788), we found that greater endorsement of binding values was associated with a higher likelihood of selecting the object as the cause for harmful events in the implicit causality task, a result consistent with, and supportive of, previous moral psychological work on victim blaming. Endorsement of binding values also predicted explicit causal attributions to victims. Overall, these findings indicate that moral values that support the group rather than the individual reliably predict that people shift the causal locus of harmful events to those affected by the harms.Cholinergic urticaria (CholU) decreases affected individuals’ quality of life because they must avoid stimuli including exercise and hot bathing. Although case reports have indicated that regular sweating activities are effective for CholU with hypohidrosis, little evidence is available. This retrospective medical record review examined CholU patients who received any form of treatment at our hospital. Twenty-seven cases (78% men; median age 22 years, range 12-70 years) were analyzed. Fourteen (52%) patients had acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis (AIGA). Among the 12 patients receiving sweating therapy (4 with, 8 without AIGA), improvement of symptoms was confirmed in 11 (92%; sweating therapy alone n = 5, with H1-blocker n = 5, with steroid pulse n = 1) including eight (67%) showing complete response (CR). In this sweating-therapy group, CR was achieved by six of the eight (75%) patients without AIGA and two of the four (50%) patients with AIGA. Among the 15 patients without sweating therapy, symptom improvement was observed in nine (60%; steroid pulse n = 7, H1-blocker n = 2) including one (7%) achieving CR. Sweating therapy was safely undertaken except in one case in which the patient showed angioedema and anaphylaxis. Regular sweating activities could be a potential therapeutic option for CholU patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.”Classic” forest plots show the effect sizes from individual studies and the aggregate effect from a meta-analysis. However, in ecology and evolution meta-analyses routinely contain over 100 effect sizes, making the classic forest plot of limited use. We surveyed 102 meta-analyses in ecology and evolution, finding that only 11% use the classic forest plot. Instead, most used a “forest-like plot”, showing point estimates (with 95% confidence intervals; CIs) from a series of subgroups or categories in a meta-regression. We propose a modification of the forest-like plot, which we name the “orchard plot”. Orchard plots, in addition to showing overall mean effects and CIs from meta-analyses/regressions, also includes 95% prediction intervals (PIs), and the individual effect sizes scaled by their precision. The PI allows the user and reader to see the range in which an effect size from a future study may be expected to fall. selleck inhibitor The PI, therefore, provides an intuitive interpretation of any heterogeneity in the data. Supplementing the PI, the inclusion of underlying effect sizes also allows the user to see any influential or outlying effect sizes. We showcase the orchard plot with example datasets from ecology and evolution, using the R package, orchard, including several functions for visualizing meta-analytic data using forest-plot derivatives. We consider the orchard plot as a variant on the classic forest plot, cultivated to the needs of meta-analysts in ecology and evolution. Hopefully, the orchard plot will prove fruitful for visualizing large collections of heterogeneous effect sizes regardless of the field of study.A novel mesoporous TiO2-x material that is comprised of small, crystalline, vacancy-rich anatase nanoparticles that show unique optical, thermal and electronic properties is synthesized using polymer-derived mesoporous carbon (PDMC) as a template. The PDMC pores serve as physical barriers during the condensation and pyrolysis of a titania precursor, preventing the titania nanoparticles from growing beyond 10 nm in size. Unlike most titania nanomaterials, the particles remain in anatase phase and undergo no transition to rutile phase, and also become catalytically-active reduced TiO2-x, during pyrolysis. When exposed to a slow electron beam, the nanoparticles exhibit an unprecedented charge/discharge behavior, continuously lighting up and fading away for an average period of ca. 15 s, for an extended period of time. The nanoparticles also show a 50 nm-red-shift in their UV-vis absorption and long-lived charge carriers (electrons and holes) at room temperature in the dark, even long after UV irradiation. The potential of the new anatase nanoparticles as photocatalysts is demonstrated using CO2 reduction, in which they show a good activity.