We also describe the following (1) representative cases in which PCR is useful, (2) representative cases in which PCR can exclude a diagnosis, (3) the current status of PCR in the diagnosis of infectious uveitis and advanced medical service, and (4) the prospects for clinical PCR in ophthalmology.

We have established and developed the multiplex PCR, broad-range PCR, Strip PCR, and Direct Strip PCR methods and have reported the efficacy of such tests in multicenter studies. Our goal is “rapid and simple comprehensive PCR diagnosis anywhere and by anyone” for ocular infections.

We have established and developed the multiplex PCR, broad-range PCR, Strip PCR, and Direct Strip PCR methods and have reported the efficacy of such tests in multicenter studies. Our goal is “rapid and simple comprehensive PCR diagnosis anywhere and by anyone” for ocular infections.Accuracy analysis of a process-based model is important for evaluating the reliability of model estimates of crop growth. Uncertainties in projections of crop growth may derive from different sources in modelling. The parameter-induced uncertainty is one of the important aspects. Here we calibrated the parameters for rice, wheat and maize combined with observed data of aboveground biomass (AGB) and leaf area index (LAI) at 16 Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) sites under different rotation systems and subsequently validated the model at these sites using the data independent of calibration. The results showed that the simulated AGB and LAI exhibited good agreement with the observations. The model performance for rice and maize was better than that for wheat. The statistical analysis of model performance showed that the RMSE (root mean square error), RMD (relative mean deviation) and EF (model efficiency) were 32.52%, - 0.95% and 0.87 of the means, respectively. The three components of the modelling un results (95% CI) of Agro-C covered more than 90% of the observations and brought approximately 21% uncertainty to the simulated AGBs of the three major crops.Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) has high female preponderance. It has been suggested that onset in early childhood represents a distinct developmental subtype that is characterized by higher prevalence of males compared to later onset cases. However, the empirical literature is scarce. We conducted a systematic review of case reports to examine the distribution of age at onset/presentation in males and females with trichotillomania or trichobezoar (a mass of hair in the gastrointestinal tract resulting from ingesting hair). We identified 1065 individuals with trichotillomania and 1248 with trichobezoar. In both samples, males, compared to females, had earlier age at presentation and greater proportion of cases in early childhood. PFI-2 These sex differences remained after potential confounding variables were accounted for. The results showed similar sex differences for age at onset, which was reported in 734 and 337 of the trichotillomania and trichobezoar cases, respectively. The findings may reflect neurodevelopmental underpinnings in early childhood trichotillomania.This study was undertaken to quantitatively explore the effect of temperature on the degradation of cannabinoids in dried cannabis flower. A total of 14 cannabinoids were monitored using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry in temperature environments from - 20 to + 40 ∘C lasting up to 1 year. We find that a network of first-order degradation reactions is well-suited to model the observed changes for all cannabinoids. While most studies focus on high-temperature effects on the cannabinoids, this study provides high-precision quantitative assessment of room temperature kinetics with applications to shelf-life predictions and age estimates of cannabis products.Antibiotic resistance has become a serious threat to food safety and public health globally. Therefore, the development of a sensitive, quick, and simple method for antibiotic susceptibility testing is an urgent and crucial need. A novel concentration gradient microfluidic chip was designed in this work to generate antibiotic concentration gradient, culture bacteria, and produce fluorescence emission. An in-house-assembled fluorescence detection platform was constructed, and experiments were conducted to verify the linearity of the generated concentration gradient, explore the appropriate incubation time and flow rate for the microfluidic chip, and study the effect of long-term acid-based food processing on antibiotic susceptibility testing. Experimental results show that the concentration gradient generated by the microfluidic chip exhibited good linearity, stability, and controllability. The appropriate flow rate and incubation time for the microfluidic chip were 2 μL/min and 5 h, respectively. The use of this microfluidic chip for testing antibiotic resistance of Salmonella to ofloxacin and ampicillin generated results that were completely consistent with test results obtained using the gold-standard method. Furthermore, Salmonella showed greater sensitivity to antibiotics under strong acid conditions, confirming the potential influence of acid-based food processing on antibiotic susceptibility testing of real samples. The designed microfluidic chip provides a high-throughput, sensitive, and rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing method that combines the microfluidic chip and the fluorescence detection platform. The application of this method would facilitate determination of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains for clinicians and researchers, and enable monitoring of changes in bacterial resistance during food processing.Our study aimed to investigate whether changes in brain function measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be detected among individuals with depressive disorders and suicidal ideation. The association between depression severity and brain images is also discussed. Our study recruited 111 participants in three groups 35 depressive patients with suicidal ideation (SI), 32 depressive patients without suicidal ideation (NS), and 44 healthy controls (HCs). All participants were scanned using 3T MRI to obtain resting-state functional images, and functional connectivity (FC), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and graph theoretical analysis (GTA) were performed. We found functional activity differences, such as the hippocampus and thalamus, in the SI group compared with the NS group. We also concluded lower activity in the thalamus and cuneus regions were related to suicidal ideation. We also found several functional connectivity of the brain areas, such as hippocampus, cuneus, and frontal regions, in the SI group correlated with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).